Karajá history

AI note: expansion-2026-08: overview compiled with AI assistance as original prose from cited public sources (https://pib.socioambiental.org/pt/Povo:Iny_Karajá, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaj%C3%A1). Population figure: 4373 (2020, Siasi/Sesai, via Povos Indígenas no Brasil (ISA)). Awaiting contributor and community review. Sensitivity: Population figure covers the Iny subgroups together (Karajá, Javaé, Xambioá); some sources count them separately.

AI note: sections-wave3-2026-08: compiled with AI assistance as original prose from cited public sources (https://pib.socioambiental.org/pt/Povo:Iny_Karaj%C3%A1, https://bcr.iphan.gov.br/bens-culturais/ritxoko-expressao-artistica-e-cosmologica-do-povo-karaja/, http://portal.iphan.gov.br/noticias/detalhes/1190/bonecas-karaja-novo-patrimonio-cultural-brasileiro, https://prodoclin.museudoindio.gov.br/index.php/etnias/karaja/povo, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaj%C3%A1_people, https://mapadeconflitos.ensp.fiocruz.br/conflito/to-ilha-do-bananal-no-rio-araguaia-a-maior-ilha-fluvial-do-mundo-ameacada-por-atividade-madeireira-e-pecuaria/, https://www.gov.br/ibama/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/2025/ibama-notifica-ocupantes-irregulares-e-inicia-operacao-parque-do-araguaia-na-ilha-do-bananal, https://americanindian.si.edu/exhibitions/infinityofnations/amazon/232000.html). Sensitivity: Iny is the self-designation and should lead; 'Karajá' is a Tupi-origin exonym roughly glossed 'big monkey' and the older Portuguese spellings Carajá / Carajás should be avoided. Population figures are contested: 4,373 (Siasi/Sesai 2020) is the best-supported current figure, while English Wikipedia's 45,000 for the early twentieth century is unverified. Sources disagree on whether Karajá, Javaé and Xambioá are three languages or four dialects; the disagreement is recorded rather than resolved. No coordinates or precise village siting are given. Medicinal plant knowledge is described only at the level of 'plants are used in healing contexts'; no plant parts, preparation methods, doses or plant-plus-method combinations appear, and none should be added — this is a safety and intellectual-property line. Elements of the Aruanã / ijasò complex that the community holds closed are named as existing and not described. No biopiracy case specific to the Iny was found; the well-known Krahô case involves a different people and must not be transferred here. Named living ceramists were not confirmed in public sources and are therefore not asserted. Awaiting contributor and community review.

AI note: sections-wave3-2026-08: compiled with AI assistance as original prose from cited public sources (https://pib.socioambiental.org/pt/Povo:Iny_Karaj%C3%A1, https://bcr.iphan.gov.br/bens-culturais/ritxoko-expressao-artistica-e-cosmologica-do-povo-karaja/, http://portal.iphan.gov.br/noticias/detalhes/1190/bonecas-karaja-novo-patrimonio-cultural-brasileiro, https://prodoclin.museudoindio.gov.br/index.php/etnias/karaja/povo, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaj%C3%A1_people, https://mapadeconflitos.ensp.fiocruz.br/conflito/to-ilha-do-bananal-no-rio-araguaia-a-maior-ilha-fluvial-do-mundo-ameacada-por-atividade-madeireira-e-pecuaria/, https://www.gov.br/ibama/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/2025/ibama-notifica-ocupantes-irregulares-e-inicia-operacao-parque-do-araguaia-na-ilha-do-bananal, https://americanindian.si.edu/exhibitions/infinityofnations/amazon/232000.html). Sensitivity: Iny is the self-designation and should lead; 'Karajá' is a Tupi-origin exonym roughly glossed 'big monkey' and the older Portuguese spellings Carajá / Carajás should be avoided. Population figures are contested: 4,373 (Siasi/Sesai 2020) is the best-supported current figure, while English Wikipedia's 45,000 for the early twentieth century is unverified. Sources disagree on whether Karajá, Javaé and Xambioá are three languages or four dialects; the disagreement is recorded rather than resolved. No coordinates or precise village siting are given. Medicinal plant knowledge is described only at the level of 'plants are used in healing contexts'; no plant parts, preparation methods, doses or plant-plus-method combinations appear, and none should be added — this is a safety and intellectual-property line. Elements of the Aruanã / ijasò complex that the community holds closed are named as existing and not described. No biopiracy case specific to the Iny was found; the well-known Krahô case involves a different people and must not be transferred here. Named living ceramists were not confirmed in public sources and are therefore not asserted. Awaiting contributor and community review.

AI note: sections-wave3-2026-08: compiled with AI assistance as original prose from cited public sources (https://pib.socioambiental.org/pt/Povo:Iny_Karaj%C3%A1, https://bcr.iphan.gov.br/bens-culturais/ritxoko-expressao-artistica-e-cosmologica-do-povo-karaja/, http://portal.iphan.gov.br/noticias/detalhes/1190/bonecas-karaja-novo-patrimonio-cultural-brasileiro, https://prodoclin.museudoindio.gov.br/index.php/etnias/karaja/povo, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaj%C3%A1_people, https://mapadeconflitos.ensp.fiocruz.br/conflito/to-ilha-do-bananal-no-rio-araguaia-a-maior-ilha-fluvial-do-mundo-ameacada-por-atividade-madeireira-e-pecuaria/, https://www.gov.br/ibama/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/2025/ibama-notifica-ocupantes-irregulares-e-inicia-operacao-parque-do-araguaia-na-ilha-do-bananal, https://americanindian.si.edu/exhibitions/infinityofnations/amazon/232000.html). Sensitivity: Iny is the self-designation and should lead; 'Karajá' is a Tupi-origin exonym roughly glossed 'big monkey' and the older Portuguese spellings Carajá / Carajás should be avoided. Population figures are contested: 4,373 (Siasi/Sesai 2020) is the best-supported current figure, while English Wikipedia's 45,000 for the early twentieth century is unverified. Sources disagree on whether Karajá, Javaé and Xambioá are three languages or four dialects; the disagreement is recorded rather than resolved. No coordinates or precise village siting are given. Medicinal plant knowledge is described only at the level of 'plants are used in healing contexts'; no plant parts, preparation methods, doses or plant-plus-method combinations appear, and none should be added — this is a safety and intellectual-property line. Elements of the Aruanã / ijasò complex that the community holds closed are named as existing and not described. No biopiracy case specific to the Iny was found; the well-known Krahô case involves a different people and must not be transferred here. Named living ceramists were not confirmed in public sources and are therefore not asserted. Awaiting contributor and community review.

AI note: sections-wave3-2026-08: compiled with AI assistance as original prose from cited public sources (https://pib.socioambiental.org/pt/Povo:Iny_Karaj%C3%A1, https://bcr.iphan.gov.br/bens-culturais/ritxoko-expressao-artistica-e-cosmologica-do-povo-karaja/, http://portal.iphan.gov.br/noticias/detalhes/1190/bonecas-karaja-novo-patrimonio-cultural-brasileiro, https://prodoclin.museudoindio.gov.br/index.php/etnias/karaja/povo, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaj%C3%A1_people, https://mapadeconflitos.ensp.fiocruz.br/conflito/to-ilha-do-bananal-no-rio-araguaia-a-maior-ilha-fluvial-do-mundo-ameacada-por-atividade-madeireira-e-pecuaria/, https://www.gov.br/ibama/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/2025/ibama-notifica-ocupantes-irregulares-e-inicia-operacao-parque-do-araguaia-na-ilha-do-bananal, https://americanindian.si.edu/exhibitions/infinityofnations/amazon/232000.html). Sensitivity: Iny is the self-designation and should lead; 'Karajá' is a Tupi-origin exonym roughly glossed 'big monkey' and the older Portuguese spellings Carajá / Carajás should be avoided. Population figures are contested: 4,373 (Siasi/Sesai 2020) is the best-supported current figure, while English Wikipedia's 45,000 for the early twentieth century is unverified. Sources disagree on whether Karajá, Javaé and Xambioá are three languages or four dialects; the disagreement is recorded rather than resolved. No coordinates or precise village siting are given. Medicinal plant knowledge is described only at the level of 'plants are used in healing contexts'; no plant parts, preparation methods, doses or plant-plus-method combinations appear, and none should be added — this is a safety and intellectual-property line. Elements of the Aruanã / ijasò complex that the community holds closed are named as existing and not described. No biopiracy case specific to the Iny was found; the well-known Krahô case involves a different people and must not be transferred here. Named living ceramists were not confirmed in public sources and are therefore not asserted. Awaiting contributor and community review.

AI note: sections-wave3-2026-08: compiled with AI assistance as original prose from cited public sources (https://pib.socioambiental.org/pt/Povo:Iny_Karaj%C3%A1, https://bcr.iphan.gov.br/bens-culturais/ritxoko-expressao-artistica-e-cosmologica-do-povo-karaja/, http://portal.iphan.gov.br/noticias/detalhes/1190/bonecas-karaja-novo-patrimonio-cultural-brasileiro, https://prodoclin.museudoindio.gov.br/index.php/etnias/karaja/povo, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaj%C3%A1_people, https://mapadeconflitos.ensp.fiocruz.br/conflito/to-ilha-do-bananal-no-rio-araguaia-a-maior-ilha-fluvial-do-mundo-ameacada-por-atividade-madeireira-e-pecuaria/, https://www.gov.br/ibama/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/2025/ibama-notifica-ocupantes-irregulares-e-inicia-operacao-parque-do-araguaia-na-ilha-do-bananal, https://americanindian.si.edu/exhibitions/infinityofnations/amazon/232000.html). Sensitivity: Iny is the self-designation and should lead; 'Karajá' is a Tupi-origin exonym roughly glossed 'big monkey' and the older Portuguese spellings Carajá / Carajás should be avoided. Population figures are contested: 4,373 (Siasi/Sesai 2020) is the best-supported current figure, while English Wikipedia's 45,000 for the early twentieth century is unverified. Sources disagree on whether Karajá, Javaé and Xambioá are three languages or four dialects; the disagreement is recorded rather than resolved. No coordinates or precise village siting are given. Medicinal plant knowledge is described only at the level of 'plants are used in healing contexts'; no plant parts, preparation methods, doses or plant-plus-method combinations appear, and none should be added — this is a safety and intellectual-property line. Elements of the Aruanã / ijasò complex that the community holds closed are named as existing and not described. No biopiracy case specific to the Iny was found; the well-known Krahô case involves a different people and must not be transferred here. Named living ceramists were not confirmed in public sources and are therefore not asserted. Awaiting contributor and community review.

AI note: sections-wave3-2026-08: compiled with AI assistance as original prose from cited public sources (https://pib.socioambiental.org/pt/Povo:Iny_Karaj%C3%A1, https://bcr.iphan.gov.br/bens-culturais/ritxoko-expressao-artistica-e-cosmologica-do-povo-karaja/, http://portal.iphan.gov.br/noticias/detalhes/1190/bonecas-karaja-novo-patrimonio-cultural-brasileiro, https://prodoclin.museudoindio.gov.br/index.php/etnias/karaja/povo, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaj%C3%A1_people, https://mapadeconflitos.ensp.fiocruz.br/conflito/to-ilha-do-bananal-no-rio-araguaia-a-maior-ilha-fluvial-do-mundo-ameacada-por-atividade-madeireira-e-pecuaria/, https://www.gov.br/ibama/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/2025/ibama-notifica-ocupantes-irregulares-e-inicia-operacao-parque-do-araguaia-na-ilha-do-bananal, https://americanindian.si.edu/exhibitions/infinityofnations/amazon/232000.html). Sensitivity: Iny is the self-designation and should lead; 'Karajá' is a Tupi-origin exonym roughly glossed 'big monkey' and the older Portuguese spellings Carajá / Carajás should be avoided. Population figures are contested: 4,373 (Siasi/Sesai 2020) is the best-supported current figure, while English Wikipedia's 45,000 for the early twentieth century is unverified. Sources disagree on whether Karajá, Javaé and Xambioá are three languages or four dialects; the disagreement is recorded rather than resolved. No coordinates or precise village siting are given. Medicinal plant knowledge is described only at the level of 'plants are used in healing contexts'; no plant parts, preparation methods, doses or plant-plus-method combinations appear, and none should be added — this is a safety and intellectual-property line. Elements of the Aruanã / ijasò complex that the community holds closed are named as existing and not described. No biopiracy case specific to the Iny was found; the well-known Krahô case involves a different people and must not be transferred here. Named living ceramists were not confirmed in public sources and are therefore not asserted. Awaiting contributor and community review.

AI note: sections-wave3-2026-08: compiled with AI assistance as original prose from cited public sources (https://pib.socioambiental.org/pt/Povo:Iny_Karaj%C3%A1, https://bcr.iphan.gov.br/bens-culturais/ritxoko-expressao-artistica-e-cosmologica-do-povo-karaja/, http://portal.iphan.gov.br/noticias/detalhes/1190/bonecas-karaja-novo-patrimonio-cultural-brasileiro, https://prodoclin.museudoindio.gov.br/index.php/etnias/karaja/povo, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaj%C3%A1_people, https://mapadeconflitos.ensp.fiocruz.br/conflito/to-ilha-do-bananal-no-rio-araguaia-a-maior-ilha-fluvial-do-mundo-ameacada-por-atividade-madeireira-e-pecuaria/, https://www.gov.br/ibama/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/2025/ibama-notifica-ocupantes-irregulares-e-inicia-operacao-parque-do-araguaia-na-ilha-do-bananal, https://americanindian.si.edu/exhibitions/infinityofnations/amazon/232000.html). Sensitivity: Iny is the self-designation and should lead; 'Karajá' is a Tupi-origin exonym roughly glossed 'big monkey' and the older Portuguese spellings Carajá / Carajás should be avoided. Population figures are contested: 4,373 (Siasi/Sesai 2020) is the best-supported current figure, while English Wikipedia's 45,000 for the early twentieth century is unverified. Sources disagree on whether Karajá, Javaé and Xambioá are three languages or four dialects; the disagreement is recorded rather than resolved. No coordinates or precise village siting are given. Medicinal plant knowledge is described only at the level of 'plants are used in healing contexts'; no plant parts, preparation methods, doses or plant-plus-method combinations appear, and none should be added — this is a safety and intellectual-property line. Elements of the Aruanã / ijasò complex that the community holds closed are named as existing and not described. No biopiracy case specific to the Iny was found; the well-known Krahô case involves a different people and must not be transferred here. Named living ceramists were not confirmed in public sources and are therefore not asserted. Awaiting contributor and community review.

AI note: sections-wave3-2026-08: compiled with AI assistance as original prose from cited public sources (https://pib.socioambiental.org/pt/Povo:Iny_Karaj%C3%A1, https://bcr.iphan.gov.br/bens-culturais/ritxoko-expressao-artistica-e-cosmologica-do-povo-karaja/, http://portal.iphan.gov.br/noticias/detalhes/1190/bonecas-karaja-novo-patrimonio-cultural-brasileiro, https://prodoclin.museudoindio.gov.br/index.php/etnias/karaja/povo, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaj%C3%A1_people, https://mapadeconflitos.ensp.fiocruz.br/conflito/to-ilha-do-bananal-no-rio-araguaia-a-maior-ilha-fluvial-do-mundo-ameacada-por-atividade-madeireira-e-pecuaria/, https://www.gov.br/ibama/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/2025/ibama-notifica-ocupantes-irregulares-e-inicia-operacao-parque-do-araguaia-na-ilha-do-bananal, https://americanindian.si.edu/exhibitions/infinityofnations/amazon/232000.html). Sensitivity: Iny is the self-designation and should lead; 'Karajá' is a Tupi-origin exonym roughly glossed 'big monkey' and the older Portuguese spellings Carajá / Carajás should be avoided. Population figures are contested: 4,373 (Siasi/Sesai 2020) is the best-supported current figure, while English Wikipedia's 45,000 for the early twentieth century is unverified. Sources disagree on whether Karajá, Javaé and Xambioá are three languages or four dialects; the disagreement is recorded rather than resolved. No coordinates or precise village siting are given. Medicinal plant knowledge is described only at the level of 'plants are used in healing contexts'; no plant parts, preparation methods, doses or plant-plus-method combinations appear, and none should be added — this is a safety and intellectual-property line. Elements of the Aruanã / ijasò complex that the community holds closed are named as existing and not described. No biopiracy case specific to the Iny was found; the well-known Krahô case involves a different people and must not be transferred here. Named living ceramists were not confirmed in public sources and are therefore not asserted. Awaiting contributor and community review.

AI note: sections-wave3-2026-08: compiled with AI assistance as original prose from cited public sources (https://pib.socioambiental.org/pt/Povo:Iny_Karaj%C3%A1, https://bcr.iphan.gov.br/bens-culturais/ritxoko-expressao-artistica-e-cosmologica-do-povo-karaja/, http://portal.iphan.gov.br/noticias/detalhes/1190/bonecas-karaja-novo-patrimonio-cultural-brasileiro, https://prodoclin.museudoindio.gov.br/index.php/etnias/karaja/povo, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaj%C3%A1_people, https://mapadeconflitos.ensp.fiocruz.br/conflito/to-ilha-do-bananal-no-rio-araguaia-a-maior-ilha-fluvial-do-mundo-ameacada-por-atividade-madeireira-e-pecuaria/, https://www.gov.br/ibama/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/2025/ibama-notifica-ocupantes-irregulares-e-inicia-operacao-parque-do-araguaia-na-ilha-do-bananal, https://americanindian.si.edu/exhibitions/infinityofnations/amazon/232000.html). Sensitivity: Iny is the self-designation and should lead; 'Karajá' is a Tupi-origin exonym roughly glossed 'big monkey' and the older Portuguese spellings Carajá / Carajás should be avoided. Population figures are contested: 4,373 (Siasi/Sesai 2020) is the best-supported current figure, while English Wikipedia's 45,000 for the early twentieth century is unverified. Sources disagree on whether Karajá, Javaé and Xambioá are three languages or four dialects; the disagreement is recorded rather than resolved. No coordinates or precise village siting are given. Medicinal plant knowledge is described only at the level of 'plants are used in healing contexts'; no plant parts, preparation methods, doses or plant-plus-method combinations appear, and none should be added — this is a safety and intellectual-property line. Elements of the Aruanã / ijasò complex that the community holds closed are named as existing and not described. No biopiracy case specific to the Iny was found; the well-known Krahô case involves a different people and must not be transferred here. Named living ceramists were not confirmed in public sources and are therefore not asserted. Awaiting contributor and community review.

AI note: sections-wave3-2026-08: compiled with AI assistance as original prose from cited public sources (https://pib.socioambiental.org/pt/Povo:Iny_Karaj%C3%A1, https://bcr.iphan.gov.br/bens-culturais/ritxoko-expressao-artistica-e-cosmologica-do-povo-karaja/, http://portal.iphan.gov.br/noticias/detalhes/1190/bonecas-karaja-novo-patrimonio-cultural-brasileiro, https://prodoclin.museudoindio.gov.br/index.php/etnias/karaja/povo, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaj%C3%A1_people, https://mapadeconflitos.ensp.fiocruz.br/conflito/to-ilha-do-bananal-no-rio-araguaia-a-maior-ilha-fluvial-do-mundo-ameacada-por-atividade-madeireira-e-pecuaria/, https://www.gov.br/ibama/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/2025/ibama-notifica-ocupantes-irregulares-e-inicia-operacao-parque-do-araguaia-na-ilha-do-bananal, https://americanindian.si.edu/exhibitions/infinityofnations/amazon/232000.html). Sensitivity: Iny is the self-designation and should lead; 'Karajá' is a Tupi-origin exonym roughly glossed 'big monkey' and the older Portuguese spellings Carajá / Carajás should be avoided. Population figures are contested: 4,373 (Siasi/Sesai 2020) is the best-supported current figure, while English Wikipedia's 45,000 for the early twentieth century is unverified. Sources disagree on whether Karajá, Javaé and Xambioá are three languages or four dialects; the disagreement is recorded rather than resolved. No coordinates or precise village siting are given. Medicinal plant knowledge is described only at the level of 'plants are used in healing contexts'; no plant parts, preparation methods, doses or plant-plus-method combinations appear, and none should be added — this is a safety and intellectual-property line. Elements of the Aruanã / ijasò complex that the community holds closed are named as existing and not described. No biopiracy case specific to the Iny was found; the well-known Krahô case involves a different people and must not be transferred here. Named living ceramists were not confirmed in public sources and are therefore not asserted. Awaiting contributor and community review.

AI note: sections-wave3-2026-08: compiled with AI assistance as original prose from cited public sources (https://pib.socioambiental.org/pt/Povo:Iny_Karaj%C3%A1, https://bcr.iphan.gov.br/bens-culturais/ritxoko-expressao-artistica-e-cosmologica-do-povo-karaja/, http://portal.iphan.gov.br/noticias/detalhes/1190/bonecas-karaja-novo-patrimonio-cultural-brasileiro, https://prodoclin.museudoindio.gov.br/index.php/etnias/karaja/povo, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaj%C3%A1_people, https://mapadeconflitos.ensp.fiocruz.br/conflito/to-ilha-do-bananal-no-rio-araguaia-a-maior-ilha-fluvial-do-mundo-ameacada-por-atividade-madeireira-e-pecuaria/, https://www.gov.br/ibama/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/2025/ibama-notifica-ocupantes-irregulares-e-inicia-operacao-parque-do-araguaia-na-ilha-do-bananal, https://americanindian.si.edu/exhibitions/infinityofnations/amazon/232000.html). Sensitivity: Iny is the self-designation and should lead; 'Karajá' is a Tupi-origin exonym roughly glossed 'big monkey' and the older Portuguese spellings Carajá / Carajás should be avoided. Population figures are contested: 4,373 (Siasi/Sesai 2020) is the best-supported current figure, while English Wikipedia's 45,000 for the early twentieth century is unverified. Sources disagree on whether Karajá, Javaé and Xambioá are three languages or four dialects; the disagreement is recorded rather than resolved. No coordinates or precise village siting are given. Medicinal plant knowledge is described only at the level of 'plants are used in healing contexts'; no plant parts, preparation methods, doses or plant-plus-method combinations appear, and none should be added — this is a safety and intellectual-property line. Elements of the Aruanã / ijasò complex that the community holds closed are named as existing and not described. No biopiracy case specific to the Iny was found; the well-known Krahô case involves a different people and must not be transferred here. Named living ceramists were not confirmed in public sources and are therefore not asserted. Awaiting contributor and community review.

AI note: sections-wave3-2026-08: compiled with AI assistance as original prose from cited public sources (https://pib.socioambiental.org/pt/Povo:Iny_Karaj%C3%A1, https://bcr.iphan.gov.br/bens-culturais/ritxoko-expressao-artistica-e-cosmologica-do-povo-karaja/, http://portal.iphan.gov.br/noticias/detalhes/1190/bonecas-karaja-novo-patrimonio-cultural-brasileiro, https://prodoclin.museudoindio.gov.br/index.php/etnias/karaja/povo, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaj%C3%A1_people, https://mapadeconflitos.ensp.fiocruz.br/conflito/to-ilha-do-bananal-no-rio-araguaia-a-maior-ilha-fluvial-do-mundo-ameacada-por-atividade-madeireira-e-pecuaria/, https://www.gov.br/ibama/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/2025/ibama-notifica-ocupantes-irregulares-e-inicia-operacao-parque-do-araguaia-na-ilha-do-bananal, https://americanindian.si.edu/exhibitions/infinityofnations/amazon/232000.html). Sensitivity: Iny is the self-designation and should lead; 'Karajá' is a Tupi-origin exonym roughly glossed 'big monkey' and the older Portuguese spellings Carajá / Carajás should be avoided. Population figures are contested: 4,373 (Siasi/Sesai 2020) is the best-supported current figure, while English Wikipedia's 45,000 for the early twentieth century is unverified. Sources disagree on whether Karajá, Javaé and Xambioá are three languages or four dialects; the disagreement is recorded rather than resolved. No coordinates or precise village siting are given. Medicinal plant knowledge is described only at the level of 'plants are used in healing contexts'; no plant parts, preparation methods, doses or plant-plus-method combinations appear, and none should be added — this is a safety and intellectual-property line. Elements of the Aruanã / ijasò complex that the community holds closed are named as existing and not described. No biopiracy case specific to the Iny was found; the well-known Krahô case involves a different people and must not be transferred here. Named living ceramists were not confirmed in public sources and are therefore not asserted. Awaiting contributor and community review.